A novel Energy-Balanced Clustering Routing algorithm based on Ring Partition (EBCR-RP) was proposed to solve the network lifetime problem of unbalanced energy consumption and low energy efficiency in Wireless Sensor Network (WSN). Firstly, the one-hop distance with minimize energy consumption was calculated and regarded as ring spacing. Secondly, the number of clusters was optimized and each ring was partitioned uniformly, and the node with highest energy in each block was chosen as cluster header to balance energy consumption. Finally, a cost function was designed to search optimal data transform path to improve energy efficiency. The simulation results show that network lifetime of EBCR-RP is increased by 51.4% and 8.6% compared with Fuzzy Logic Cluster Formation Protocol (FLCFP) and Improved Uneven Clustering Routing (IUCR) algorithms. EBCR-RP can effectively prolong network lifetime, balance energy consumption and improve energy efficiency.